Events that occurred in one incarnation can influence life in another incarnation.
Experiences that cannot be clearly explained in the present life may be ramifications or completions of another life.
In this vein, you could suffer much pain that has no connection to your deeds or way of life in the present.
A person who is born with a deformity or whose life is replete with death, loss, and so forth may believe this suffering is an inexplicable injustice, but in reality it is a way for the soul to atone for damage it caused in a previous incarnation.
Even someone whose life is not filled with suffering should pray for the ability to rectify, in the present life, the damage done in previous incarnations.
Such a prayer appears in many prayer books.
–Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz